聚丙烯腈电纺纤维的功能化

Functionalization of Polyacrylonitrile-Based Electrospun Nanofibers

聚丙烯腈是一种性能优异、应用广泛的成纤聚合物,静电纺丝技术则可用于制备聚丙烯腈纳米纤维,本文对聚丙烯腈纳米纤维的功能化进行了综述。通过表面仿生修饰、碳纳米管填充等方法改性的聚丙烯腈电纺纤维被尝试作为酶固定化的载体材料,在显著提高载酶量的同时,能大幅度提高酶活性。糖基功能化的纳米纤维对特定的蛋白质具有较高的识别效率,可望用于蛋白质的分离与纯化。卟啉化的聚丙烯腈电纺纤维则在显示出荧光特性的同时,在催化、传感等方面具有潜在的应用前景。

Polyacrylonitrile-based nanofibers prepared by electrospinning have attracted much attention in recent years for both fundamental research and industry. Those nanofibers with specific functions are reviewed in this paper. PAN-based nanofibers modified with carbon nanotube or biomacromolecules are suitable carriers for enzyme immobilization. PAN-based nanofibers functionalized with sugar moieties can be prepared by electrospinning process combining copolymerization or surface immobilization. These glycosylated nanofibers are very useful in protein isolation. Luminescent nanofibers can be electrospun from acrylonitrile-based copolymers with porphyrin pendants. The nanofibers may act as a support well for catalysis.