弹性球壳声散射对矢量水听器测向影响研究

Influences of sound scattering by elastic spherical shell on DOA estimation performance of vector hydrophone

以平面波在弹性球壳上声散射理论为基础,建立了弹性球壳近场声散射对矢量水听器目标定向性能影响计算模型,分析了入射声波信号频率、入射角度以及矢量水听器安装位置对目标定向的影响。计算和理论分析结果表明,弹性球壳声散射对矢量水听器测向性能的影响与壳体散射特性和水听器安装位置密切相关,在低频和高频段测向误差相对比较小,而在中频段则测向误差比较大,可通过选择工作频段,或者采用声学处理,降低壳体声散射强度,减小对矢量水听器测向性能的影响。研究结果为矢量水听器工程应用奠定了理论基础。

On the basis of the theory of sound scattering of plane wave on elastic spherical shell, the calculation model of influences of near-field sound scattering by elastic spherical shell on direction finding of the vector hydrophone is established. The influences by the incident wave frequency, the incident angle and the installation position of the vector hydrophone are also analyzed. The results of calculation and theoretical analysis show that the influences, which can be eliminated and decreased by choosing proper working frequency and taking acoustic methods, have close relations with sound scattering characteristics of the shell and the installation position of the hydrophone. The research results lay the theoretical foundation for practical engineering application of the vector hydrophone.