从解构主义译论看翻译教学中的归化与异化

On Domestication and Foreignization in Translation Teaching from Perspective of Translation Deconstructionism

归化和异化是双语转化中经常使用的两种翻译方法。长期以来，翻译理论中存在主张归化翻译的倾向。翻译实践中归化译法也受到译者和译评者的偏爱。在奈达等效翻译理论的视野下，这种翻译方法不但是正确的，而且是必需的。然而，随着文化派翻译理论的盛行，越来越多的学者认为，能够反映翻译活动的本质、体现原语国家语言、民族文化特性的异化翻译应该受到重视和提倡。依据这种观点，本文作者认为，翻译教学过程中教师应有意识鼓励学生用异化的方法处理文化含义丰富的词语，以增加译文中的外国文化含量。

Domestication and foreignization are two major methods often used in translation and each boasts a great number of advocates. By contrast,we may find that in the past domestication enjoyed more popularity among translators and commentators than foreignization did. This is not surprising when the functional equivalence theory put forth by Eugene Nida was dominant in this field. However,with the appearance and flourishing of the culture school of translation, more and more scholars and teachers now think that the other method should be given priority so that the essence and the peculiarities of the for- eign language and culture could be transferred through translation. With this point of view as his theoretical basis,the author maintains that in teaching the teacher should encourage his/her students to adopt foreiguization method whennever it is possible and acceptable so as to enhance the ＂foreign flavor＂ of the translation.