四川绵竹灾区震后半个月的食品和饮用水卫生调查

Investigation on Hygienic Situation of Food and Drinking Water in Earthquake-Striken Mianzhu City of Sichuan Province at Half a Month After Earthquake

目的为评估食品和饮用水防疫措施的落实情况,于震后半个月,对四川绵竹灾区的18个乡镇和2个城区安置点进行了调查。方法每个乡镇随机抽取2个村,每村随机抽取10户居民;2个城区安置点随机抽取20个帐篷,以调查问卷的形式对乡镇和安置点的基本情况、食品卫生情况和饮用水卫生情况进行调查。结果调查发现绝大多数乡镇受灾群众和全部城市安置点受灾群众能够得到安全的食品和饮用水,但在各乡镇中,仍有5.03%的受灾群众食用凉拌菜,12.85%吃过剩菜剩饭,还有不少群众饮用未消毒的井水(7/316)或河沟水(5/14)。结论本调查的结果表明早期的防疫措施的确起到了积极作用,但仍然存在一些问题,因此需要进一步提高灾后防病意识,加强与受灾群众生活息息相关的食品和饮用水卫生管理。

Objective To investigate the hygiene of food and drinking water of settlement points in 18 towns and 2 urbans of Mianzhu disaster area of Sichuan province at half a month after earthquake in order to assess the effects of anti-disease measures.Method 2 villages were randomly selected in each town and 10 households were randomly chosen in each county. 20 tents were randomly selected in 2 city settlement points. The characteristics, food hygiene and drinking water hygiene were investigated with questionnaires. Results Most of people in towns and all of them in the city settlement points got safe food and drinking water. However, of those people in towns, 5.03% ate cold dishes, 12.85% had leftovers, and a few of them drank water without disinfection from the well （7/316） or the river （5/14）. Conclusion The anti-disease measures could play an active role, but there still have some problems. Thus, the anti-disease consciousness should be further improved and the regulation on food and drinking water should be strengthened.