中国6～17岁儿童青少年15年体质指数分布的变化

Changes in the distribution of body mass index among aged children 6-17 in China from 1991 to 2006

目的运用图表法描述1991～2006年中国儿童青少年体质指数(BMI)分布的变化趋势。方法利用"中国居民健康与营养调查"的资料,选取1991和2006年调查中6～17岁儿童青少年作为研究对象。运用均数-差值图探讨不同性别、年龄组儿童青少年BMI分布的变化趋势。结果2006年儿童青少年的BMI分布与1991年相应年龄、性别组儿童青少年BMI分布是不同的。儿童青少年BMI分布呈正的偏态增加并且有向上增长的变化,而主要变化集中在高百分位。结论在BMI分布高百分位的个体比低百分位的个体受到环境变化的影响可能更大,对环境的变化可能更敏感。所以,应该从人群水平去寻找儿童青少年超重/肥胖的原因。

Objective To describe changes in the distribution of body mass index among Chinese children in China from 1991 to 2006. Methods This paper was based on data collected in the China Health and Nutrition Survey in 1991 and 2006, and the subjects were 6 - 17 years old. Tukey mean-difference plots were used to investigate the changes in the distribution of BMI within sex-age groups. Results The distribution of BMI among Chinese children in 2006 was different from that in 1991 for all sex-age groups, there was increasing positive skewness with a greater shift in the upper part of the distribution. Conclusion The children in the upper part of the BMI distribution may be more susceptible to the changes of environment than those in the lower parts. So the causes for the increase in obesity should be sought in part at the population level than focusing on individuals.