论我国农村劳动力转移途径

On Channels to Transfer Rural labors in China

我国农村劳动力转移是多形态、多样化的。文章提炼出三条主要转移途径:一是通过中、高等教育实现的转移,农村学生在掌握现代生产技能的同时取得城市户口,进入城市主要劳动力市场;二是受过初级及以下教育的农村劳动力进入城市次要劳动力市场;第三,也是最根本的途径是以乡镇企业发展为基础形成的就地或就近转移。实践中,乡镇企业如果与小城镇发展相结合,形成产业和人口的集聚效应,则对农村劳动力转移的贡献要大得多。

There are various forms and channels for the transfer of rural labors in China.In the author's opinion,themost important channel is middle and higher education,through which rural students can acquire their skills andenter the primary labor market in cities.The second one is that rural labors with primary education can enter the secondary labor market in cities.The last but the fundamental one is local transfer based on development of rural enterprises,which can make more contribution to the transfer of rural labors if combined with development of small towns.