日本热水透平性能估算法研究动向

Research Work on Estimating the Performance of Hot water Turbines in Japan

该文介绍日本竹永久邦等进行的热水透平性能估算法的研究情况。为了使热水透平应用于实际，进行了喷嘴单独试验、动叶单独试验与单级热水透平试验等一系列试验。拉伐尔喷嘴研究表明，喷嘴进口压力、汽助干度与水滴大小对两相流喷嘴性能有大的影响。热水透平动叶研究表明，动叶宽度与动叶进口压力对两相流动叶性能有大的影响，从观察动叶出口流动现象可证实在低干度两相流中流出角较大。单级热水透平研究提供了该透平的性能数据，建立了包括喷嘴和动叶在内的热水透平性能估算法，该法计算结果与透平性能试验结果很吻合。并且，理论和试验研究都证实，高的喷嘴进口压力和汽助能改善透平性能。表１。

The paper presents research work performed by Take naga hisa Kuni and others, in Japan on methods of estimating the performance of hot water turbines. To make hot water turbines applicable for practical purposes, a series of tests, such as isolated tests of nozzles, buckets and single stage turbines, have been conducted. Tests with Laval nozzles show that the pressure in front of nozzles, dryness of the surpporting and the water droplet size, all have pronounced effects on the performance of two phase flow nozzles. Research on buckets of hot water turbines shows, that bucket breadth and inlet pressure have a strong influence on flow behavior in two phase flow buckets, the flow angle at outlet being larger for two phase flows with lower dryness as evidenced by observations of flow behavior at bucket outlets. Sigle stage hot water turbine tests have provided performance data and have assisted the development of a way to roughly calculate the performance of hot water turbines, including nozzles and buckets, the result of which agrees quite well with test results. Further more both theory and tests show that high nozzle inlet pressure as well as assisting steam improve turbine performance. Table 1.