现代蒙古语正蓝旗土语弱元音研究

A Study on the Weak Vowels of Shuluun HuhVatois in Modern Mongolian

在蒙古语正蓝旗土语里,元音的重、轻、弱,是韵律词内音节之间的相对概念,有可测量的声学参量。重读元音高、强、短,弱读元音低、弱、长,非重读元音在二者之间。在多音节词中,重音的常规位置一般在词的第二音节,相对弱元音的典型位置是词尾衍生音节。在没有衍生音节的词中,只有重读和非重读的区别。音节组合导致的元音弱化或脱落,属于结构性弱元音范畴。其中开闭音节后续辅音开头的强音节,是中间音节元音弱化、脱落的结构方面的原因;辅音的送气特征是中间音节元音弱化、脱落的音质方面的原因;语速的加快,是中间音节元音弱化、脱落的动力方面的原因。

Stressed, unstressed and weak syllable is a relative concept in phonological words with the measurable phonetic parameter. Stressed vowel is high, heavy, and short, while weak vowel is low weak and long, the between is the unstressed vowel. In multi - syllable words, primary stress usually falls on the second syllable, while the relative weak vowel is placed on derivative syllable. In the word without derivative syllable, stressed and unstressed vowel is the only pare of control point. Weak vowel caused by syllable composition belongs to structural weak vowel. Open and blocked syllable followed by heavy syllable with consonant onset is the structural reasons for vowel weakness, while aspirated consonants make up the phonetic reasons, and the quickened speech is the motive reason.