中国城市职能结构的新变化——基于五普分县资料的分析

The New Change of Functional Structures of Chinese Cities:An Analysis based on the Fifth National Census in China

基于第五次普查分县数据,分别从中国经济结构转型特征、专业化部门、职能规模、城市基本活动部分等方面对2000年中国城市职能结构特征进行了分析。得到的主要结论有:①中国城市2000年整体仍处于工业化初级阶段;②中国城市行政地域范围内仍存在着大量农业就业比重"虚高"现象,除农业外制造业是当前中国城市名副其实的主导职能部门;③中国城市的职能规模与各部门专业化程度之间存在三种关系,特别是规模较小城市普遍具有较高的行政职能;④20万人规模以上城市的非基本部分表现出随城市规模增大而扩大的特征,而20万人规模以下城市则恰呈现出相反特征。

Based on the data of China＇s fifth census, this paper analyses the characteristics of functional structures of Chinese cities in 2000 in terms of the economic transformation, specialization sector, functional size and base activities, with the purpose of benefiting China＇s regional and urban planning works. The key results include the followings： first, the whole Chinese cities together are still in their primary phase of industrialization in 2000; second, while the proportion of employment in agriculture was illusory highest, manufacturing was the truly dominant function of Chinese cities in 2000; third, there are three kinds of relationship between the functional size of Chinese cities and their specialization level; last, while the non-base activities of Chinese cities with more than 200000 persons increase with city population size, the non-base activities of Chinese cities with less than 200000 persons decrease with city population size.