微波辐射对人鼻咽癌细胞形态结构的影响

Effect of microwave radiation on morphologic characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell

目的探讨微波辐射对人鼻咽癌细胞形态结构的影响。方法运用微波理疗仪以连续波、垂直极化照射方式对人鼻咽癌细胞CNE-2进行微波辐射(频率2 450 MHz)。实验分为4组:空白对照组、100、200、300 W/m2微波辐射组。利用光学显微镜、电子显微镜和末端脱氧核糖核酸转移酶介导的dUTP缺口末端标记(terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling,TUNEL)观察并检测微波辐射对人鼻咽癌细胞形态结构的影响和细胞凋亡情况。结果光学显微镜下可见,随着辐射剂量的增加,各实验组细胞肿胀、边缘模糊、细胞脱壁及细胞结构不清程度呈进行性加重,悬浮细胞和细胞碎片明显增多,凋亡细胞数量逐渐增多;电子显微镜下可见,各实验组随着辐射剂量的增加,内质网扩张、细胞内空泡形成、髓鞘样结构形成及线粒体肿胀程度逐渐加重;细胞空泡样变、染色质浓集为细胞凋亡的早期改变,典型的凋亡细胞逐渐增多。对照组与100 W/m2微波辐射组相比,TUNEL阳性细胞数量差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.96,P<0.05),其余各实验组与对照组比较差异亦均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论微波辐射能影响人鼻咽癌细胞的形态结构并促进细胞凋亡。

Objective To investigate the effect of microwave radiation on the morphologic characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Methods The patients were divided into one control group and 100,200,300 W/m^2 microwave radiation groups. Light and electron microscopy and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） method was used to detect the effect of microwave radiation on the morphologic characteristics and apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma respectively. Results Under the light microscope, swelling and brim illegibility of cell was observed in 100 W/m^2 group; the number of the cell doff,suspended and chippy cell was increased in 200 and 300 W/m^2 groups. Under the electron microscopy, with the increase of microwave radiation, endoplasmic reticulum extension, a great quantity of vacuolar degeneration in cyctoplasm was found in carcinoma cell in 100 W/m^2 group, which was also significantly obvious in 200 and 300 W/m^2 groups. The apoptotie cells were mostly found in 300 W/m^2 group. The positive cells of TUNEL were significatly more in 100 W/m^2 （ X^2 = 5.96, P 〈 0.05 ） group and 200,300 W/m^2 groups （P 〈 0.01 ） than these in the control group. Conclusions Microwave radiation could affect cell morphology and promote cell apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. （ Chin J Ophthalmol and Otorhinolaryngol,2008 ,8 ：348-350）