葡萄生轴霜霉菌孢子囊的长期保存

Long-term preservation methods for sporangia of Plasmopara viticola

为了解决葡萄生轴霜霉菌的活体保存问题,本文开展了多种保藏方法的研究。采用二甲基亚砜和甘油分别于不同低温条件下对孢子囊进行了保存,取出后进行接种试验。结果表明,孢子囊用不同保护剂处理后保存于-76℃中5d,10%二甲基亚砜处理的孢子囊经接种后发病面积百分率为68.3%,其致病性明显强于25%甘油处理;孢子囊用不同浓度的二甲基亚砜保存于-76℃中30d,5%和10%二甲基亚砜处理后致病性差异不显著,但明显高于15%、20%、25%二甲基亚砜处理的孢子囊;5%和10%二甲基亚砜处理的孢子囊,在-76℃中保存5d和15d后,致病性明显高于-20℃的处理;孢子囊经-76℃保存240d后,10%二甲基亚砜处理的孢子囊无致病性,而5%二甲基亚砜处理的发病面积百分率为56.3%,与对照无显著差异,说明孢子囊用含5%的二甲基亚砜处理能在-76℃中长期保存。

Different Plasmopara viticola concentrations of dimethylsulfoxide and glycerol were used to preserve sporangia of in different low temperatures. The results showed that the sporangia preserved in 10% dimethylsulfoxide were more virulent than those in 25% glycerol at -76℃. The proper concentrations of dimethylsulfoxide for preserving sporangia were 5% and 10%, and the sporangia had stronger pathogenicity than those preserved in 15%, 20% and 25% dimethylsulfoxide. The sporangia preserved in 5% and 10% dimethylsulfoxide at -76℃ for 5 days and 15 days were more pathogenic to grape leaves than those kept at -20℃. The sporangia preserved at -76℃ for 240 days in 10% dimethylsulfoxide lost their pathogenicity, while those kept in 5% dimethylsulfoxide remained virulent to grape leaves with 56.3% of infected leaf area after inoculation.