实验性鸡法氏囊病的病毒在体内分布及其消长规律研究

Studies on the Regularity of Distribution and Growth and Decline of the Virus in Chickens Experimentally Infected with IBDV

本实验用免疫酶络化法分析雏鸡接种IBDV后，病毒在体内分布和病理变化。接种后6、12、24、48、72、96、120、144、168、192、216、240小时扑杀，每次扑杀5只。对照组雏鸡与实验组同步扑杀，每次扑杀3只。结果表明：雏鸡感染IBDV后，可从其法氏囊、胸腺、脾脏、盲肠扁桃体、哈德氏腺、肝脏、肾脏、腺胃、小肠、盲肠、和肺脏等器官检出IBDV。首次于接毒后6小时在脾脏和盲肠扁桃体中发现病毒，48～144小时在法氏运、脾脏和盲肠扁桃体的病毒含量最多，接毒240小时仍可从法氏囊、脾脏和盲肠扁桃体中检出病毒。从免疫器官的坏死程度和IBDV的检出情况来看，法氏囊的病变较胸腺严重，脾脏、盲肠扁桃体等淋巴器官的损伤程度远较法氏囊的淋巴滤泡轻，从而说明法氏囊的淋巴细胞是IBDV的主要靶细胞，IBDV对B细胞的易感性显然比T细胞高。

The distribution and pathology of virus in chickens experimentally infected with IBDV was determined by immunoperoxidase technique. The experimental chickens were killed 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, 168, 192, 216, 240, hrs. 5 chickens each time. Chickens for controls were killed simultaneously in the same way as experimental chickens and 3 chickens for each time. Results showed that IBDV was detected from bursa of fabricius, thymus, spleen, caecal tonsils, gland of harder, liver, kidney, proventriculus. small intestine, caecum,lung and other orgons after chickens were infected with IBDV. The virus was first found in spleen and caecal tonsils at 6hrs. There are maxmium viruses in bursa of Fabricius, spleen and caecal tonsils between 72 - 162hrs. Viruses were still detected in bursa of Fabricius,spleen and caecal tonsils 240 hrs. It was considered from the extent of the necrosis of Im munological organ and the detection of IBDV that the change of bursa of Fabricius was more severe than that of the thymus. The extent and area of lesions of spleen, caecal tonsils and other lymphoid organs were much Lighter and smaller than that of the lymphoid follicles in the bursa of Fabricius, Therefore it proved that the lymphoid follicles in the bursa of Fabri clus are the main target cells for lBDV. It indicated that the susceptibility of B-cell infected by IBDV was obviously higher than that of T-cells.