儿童肥胖的流行趋势及影响因素研究进展

Progress in study on epidemiological trend and risk factors of childhood obesity

儿童期单纯肥胖症是21世纪世界各国面临的最大公共卫生挑战之一,对儿童乃至成人后的健康构成了严重的威胁。儿童肥胖是遗传和环境因素交互作用的结果,但环境因素极其重要。目前发现儿童肥胖的影响因素有:父母肥胖与受教育程度低、家长错误的喂养观念与行为、母亲初潮年龄过早、围产期营养不良、母乳喂养不足、儿童不合理饮食、睡眠时间过少、久坐行为伴随电视游戏等。该文对有关儿童肥胖的诊断标准、流行趋势、分布特征及环境影响因素研究进行了综述,为针对性地开展儿童肥胖早期干预提供了流行病学参考。

Childhood obesity is one of the biggest public health challenges in the 21th century, which threatens health of children and adults. Childhood obesity is the result of interactions of genetic and environmental factors, but environmental factors are more important. At present, it is found that the influencing factors of childhood obesity include parents＇ obesity and low educational level, wrong feeding concept and behaviors of the parents, early menarche age of the mother, malnutrition in perinatal period, lack of breast feeding, unreasonable diet of the infants, lack of sleep, prolonged sitting accompanied by playing TV games and so on. This paper reviewed the diagnostic criteria, epidemiological trend, distribution characteristics and influencing factors in environment of childhood obesity so as to provide a epidemiological basis for developing early intervention of childhood obesity.