要素流动、结构转型与中国“三农”问题困境

Factor Flow,Structural Transition and the Dilemma for Rural Issues in China

本文在总结农村改革30年的巨大成就的基础上,指出了新时期农村改革所面临的困境:虽然改革使得农村的要素流动加速、结构快速转型,但农村经济的基本制度转型却处在滞后的状态,农民始终面临着"权利贫困";既有改革只是对不平等赋权体系进行了帕雷托微小优化;基础制度的缺陷限制了农民的选择权和社会资本,降低了他们可供支配的资源流动能力,为其他利益集团损害农民权利设置了制度漏洞。30年后的农村改革又面临着新的起点和新的挑战,改革需要重塑信心,重拾勇气,凝聚智慧,从农村资源赋权制度入手,进一步落实"多予、少取、放活"的政策。

This article summarizes great achievements in30-year's rural reform,and points out its embarrassment:the promotion of factor flow and structural transition and the lag of basic system revolution.The reform has just mini-optimized the unfair empowerment system,which have been restricting the choice and social capital of farmers,and setting up a leak for other interest-groups to damage farmers' rights.After 30 years,the rural reform faces new challenges.It need restore confidence,courage and wisdom.It should carry out the policy of 'giving more,taking less and allowing flexibility' in deed,on the basis of establishing rural resource empowerment system.