现象之美与齐物之乐——对《庄子》有关章节的现象学解读

The Beauty of Phenomenology and the Pleasure on Leveling All Things:A Phenomenological Analysis on Some Chapters of Zhuang Zi

现象学是现代西方哲学中重要而影响深远的哲学思潮之一。现象学首先是一种方法,一种观看现象、描述现象、让现象自我显现的方法;其次,现象学还是一种精神,一种对待现象的态度、风格乃至审美趣味的精神。"面向事物本身"的宗旨和原则是现象学方法和精神的集中体现。现象学的这种开放性和普适性为不同语言和文化背景的思想提供了一个彼此互动交流的广阔空间。《庄子》是中国古代一部颇有自由、开放思想和审美情趣的著作,其中很多章节都蕴涵着现象学的基本精神和风格,比如,庄之梦蝶、濠梁之辩、庖丁解牛等都极富现象学意蕴,这就使得运用现象学方法来解读《庄子》成为一种积极和有益的尝试。

Phenomenology, firstly, is one philosophical trend of having important and profound influence on the western philosophy history and a kind of method which is used by seeing and describing phenomenology and making it manifest itself. And then it is also a kind of spirit as attitude or manner and aesthetic judgment which is used by facing with phenomenology. ＂Facing the thing itself＂ as an aim and principle is a whole reflection on phenomenological method and spirit. It is ready for a wide field for a dialogue between those thoughts with different language and culture background for its opening and universality. Zhuang Zi, a free and open and aesthetic book in ancient china. There lies in basic phenomenological spirit and style in its chapter such as Zhuang Zhou dreaming of a butterfly ; An Argument sitting by the river of Hao ; and Pao Ding on dissecting the Ox. This makes it a positive and significant attempt to analyze Zhuartg Zi with phenomenological method.