生物神经网络系统动力学与功能研究

RESEARCH ON DYNAMICS AND FUNCTIONS OF BIOLOGICAL NEURAL NETWORK SYSTEMS

生物神经系统是由数量极其巨大的神经元相互联结的信息网络系统,在生物体的感觉、认知和运动控制中发挥关键性的作用.首先介绍神经元、大脑和一些生物神经网络的生理结构和理论模型,然后分别介绍其放电活动和网络动态特性的一些重要问题,包括神经元的复杂放电模式、耦合神经元网络系统的同步活动和时空动力学、大脑联合皮层神经微回路的网络结构特征,以及工作记忆和抉择过程的动力学机制等.最后对今后研究给出一些展望.

As information networks with numerous interconnected neurons, Biological nervous systems play a key role in sense, recognition and motion control of biological bodies. This paper is first concerned with physiological structures and theoretical models of neurons, brain and some biological neural networks. Then some important topics of firing and network dynamical behavior are presented, including complex firing modes of neurons, synchronization and spatiotemporal dynamics of coupled neuronal networks, network features of neuronal micro-circuitry of combined cerebral cortex and the dynamical mechanism of working memory and decision making processes etc. Finally, prospective developments are suggested.