原子转移自由基聚合负载化催化剂研究进展

Progress of atom transfer radical polymerization in immobilized catalyst system

综述了几种原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)用负载化催化体系的组成及应用,主要包括硅胶或石英、交联聚苯乙烯或其它聚合物为载体进行的催化剂负载化,它们都能够部分解决催化剂残留问题,但却有一定的局限性;负载/可溶性混杂催化体系成为解决这一问题的新方法,而且它与传统的均相催化体系相比,可控性没有明显差异,有希望作为未来解决催化剂残留的有效方法。最后展望了ATRP负载化催化剂的发展方向。

The residual transition-metal catalyst in atom transfer radical polymerization （ATRP） system may cause process and environment issues, that will restrict its commercialization. In this paper, several immobilized catalyst systems, including silica or quartz, cross-linked polystyrene or other polymers used as the immobilized catalysts of ATRP are summarized. They can solve part of the residual catalyst problem, but these approaches have some limitations. An immobilized/soluble hybrid ATRP system was developed to overcome this difficulty, and no noticeable differences between hybrid and conventional homogeneous catalyst were observed. This result indicates that immobilized/soluble hybrid catalyst system can be applicable to various ATRP systems.