锂皂石有机改性研究进展

Research progress of hectorite modified by organic compounds

介绍了锂皂石水热法人工合成方法,并对锂皂石有机改性的实验手段、吸附机理和反应行为等研究现状进行了综述。锂皂石有机改性主要方法有原位法和吸附法。采用原位法改性时,许多有机物起模板作用,微晶在球状网孔内聚集老化。采用吸附法改性时,有机阳离子以离子交换和分配作用模式与锂皂石复合,非离子型有机物以物理吸附、分配作用、氢键作用等模式与其复合。锂皂石有机改性后,吸附性能、分散性及比表面积等提高。该领域正朝制备功能超分子材料方向迅速发展。

The synthesis of hectorite by hydrothermal crystallization is introduced at first, followed by summarizing the current situation of experimental means, adsorption mechanisms as well as behavior of reactions with regard to hectorite modified by organic compounds. The modification is performed mainly by the in-situ method and adsorption method. For the former, many organic compounds play the role of template in the process of crystallization, and microcrystals gradually gather and age in spherical networks. For the latter, organic cations are integrated with hectorite by means of ion exchange and partition. The modes of non-ionic organic substances compounded with hectorite involve physical adsorption, partition, hydrogen bond and so on. After modification by organic compounds, the properties of hectorite, such as adsorption abilities, dispersivity and specific surface are improved. This technique is rapidly developing towards preparation of functional supra-molecular materials.