神经再生室内植入骨髓间充质干细胞的实验研究

Experimental Research on Implanting BMSCs into the Nerve Regeneration Chamber

目的:探讨骨髓间充质干细胞(bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,BMSCs)对损伤的坐骨神经的修复作用。方法:将体外分离培养的骨髓间充质干细胞植入大鼠坐骨神经损伤神经再生室,分别在术后第4周和第8周,对一般状况、神经电生理、组织学等进行观察。结果:大体观察,两组大鼠足底均有溃疡形成,实验组溃疡愈合较对照组早。术后第3周,两组大鼠跛行改善,步态较稳。肉眼观察发现,神经切断处周围有肌肉组织黏连,清除黏连组织后,可以观察到神经切断处愈合良好。术后第4周和第8周实验组大鼠的坐骨神经功能指数(sciaticfunctional index,SFI)、神经传导速度均高于同期对照组(P<0.05)。术后第4周和第8周对腓肠肌做HE染色,发现实验组肌纤维横截面积均优于对照组。结论:体外培养的骨髓间充质干细胞植入体内后,能在局部损伤神经微环境中发挥作用,从而促进损伤神经的功能恢复。

Objective： To discuss the repairing effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） on the injury sciatic nerve. Methods： The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells which were isolated and cultured in vitro were implanted into the nerve regeneration chamber of rat sciatic nerve injury to observe the general conditions, nerve electro- physiology, histology and other aspects at the fourth and the eighth weeks after the operation respectively. Results： Ge neral observation showed there was slight ulcer in the plantae of rats in the two groups and the ulcer healing in the experiment group was earlier than that in the control group. At the third week after the operation, the claudication of the rats in the two groups was improved and the gait was more stable. The visual inspection showed there were some muscle tissue adhesions around the nerve cutting sections, but the nerve cutting sections healed well after the adhesive tissues were cleared. The sciatic nerve function index （SFI） and the nerve conductive velocity at the fourth and the eighth weeks after the operation of rats in the experiment group were higher than those of the same period of the control group （P 〈 0.05 ）. The gastrocnemius muscles were performed by HE staining at the fourth and the eighth weeks after the operation and the muscle fiber cross sectional area in the experiment group was superior to that in the control group. Conclusion： After implanted into the body, the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells which were cultured in vitro can play a role in the local damaged micro-environment so as to promote the functional recovery of the injury nerve.