提高小麦×鸭茅状摩擦禾杂交组合的小麦单倍体植株成苗率的探索

Study on Increase of Haploid Wheat Plantlet from Wheat × Tripsacum Dactyloide Hybridization

法国小麦和中国小麦杂交的后代和鸭茅状摩擦禾（父本）杂交，授粉1d后用100mg／L2,4-D蘸穗处理，12-14d取单倍体幼胚培养。结果表明，仅培养于1／2MS培养基上，成苗率为78．01％；而根据幼胚的发育状态，先将发育较完善的幼胚直接接种在1／2MS培养基上，将发育不良的幼胚先接种于1／2MS＋2mg／L2，4-D的培养基上进一步养育幼胚，3-4d后再将其转入1／2MS培养基中，此法的成苗率为93．22％，较前者的成苗率提高了15．21个百分点。

Generations of F1 , F2 and F3 of combinations of Chinese wheat with French wheat as female parents crossed with Tripsacum dactyloides. Wheat ears were dipped in solution contained 100 mg/L 2,4-D pollinated in 24 hours. Immature haploid embryos were cultured in medium of 1/2 MS or 1/2 MS ＋2 mg/L 2,4 - D after pollinated 12-14 days. Plant percent in 1/2 MS medium is 78.01%. In fact, there exists a great difference in these embryos and the plant percentage could reach 93.22% if the haploid embryos were cultured according to the situation of their development. To a incomplete embryo, it could be nurtured in medium with 2,4 - D for 3-4 days, then turned to 1/2 MS medium without phytohormone. And to a perfect embryo, it could be cultured in 1/2 MS medium directly, and must be transferred onto the 1/2 MS ＋2 mg/L 2,4-D if it could not germinate in 3-4 days because the sensation of our eye are not so correct.