睡眠剥夺影响执行控制的功能磁共振成像研究

The Effect of Sleep Deprivation on Executive Control Function:an fMRI Study

目的:探讨完全睡眠剥夺(total sleep deprivation,TSD)对大脑执行控制功能的影响。方法:采用自身前后对照设计。以13名健康男性大学生作为被试,进行两次Go/No-go测验,同时进行功能磁共振成像(functional magnetic resonance imaging,fMRI)扫描,第一次在正常睡眠后12小时完成,第2次间隔3周在睡眠剥夺36小时后完成。结果:与睡眠后的Go/No-go测试成绩相比,睡眠剥夺后被试的正确击中率下降[(0.99±0.01)vs.(0.97±0.04).P<0.05)],错误反应率增高[(0.04±0.04)vs.(0.10±0.08),P<0.05]。fMRI结果显示前扣带回皮质活动降低[(-0.391±0.003)vs.0;P<0.05],前额叶皮质活动明显增强[(0.653±0.003)vs.0;P<0.05]。结论:睡眠剥夺36小时导致执行抑制功能的显著下降,前额叶皮质出现功能代偿是维持认知作业的重要特征。

Objective： To explore the impact of total sleep deprivation （TSD） on executive contrnl function. Methods： Thirteen healthy young men completed visual Go/No-go task before and after the 36 hour sleep deprivation. Functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） was carried out in these subjects 3 weeks apart. Results： The hit rate of Go/No-go task decreased （P〈0.05） and the false alarm rate increased （P〈0.05） after the 36-hour sleep deprivation. TSD induced positive and negative blood oxygenation level-dependent （ BOLD ） signals compared with that after the normal sleep. The activated areas with positive BOLD signal include the superior prefrontal cortex, inferior prefrontal cortex [（0.653±0.003） vs. 0 ; P 〈 0. 05 ], and with negative BOLD signal in the anterior cingu-lated cortex （ACC） [（-0.391±0.003） vs. 0 ; P 〈 0.05 ] and right lingual gyrus etc. Conclusion ： The executive control function decreases after the 36 hour TSD, which is suggested that the increased activation of PFC may be relat- ed to the compensatory response since more attention resources are needed to perform the Go/No-go task after the 36 hour TSD.