肝移植患者术后早期肺部感染危险因素分析及护理对策

Analysis of Risk Factors and Nursing Interventions of Early Postoperative Pulmonary Infection in Patients Undergoing Liver Transplantation

目的分析肝脏移植患者术后早期肺部感染发生的危险因素和护理对策。方法通过对167例肝脏移植患者术前、术中及术后早期情况的回顾性分析,应用SPSS10.0软件统计包对所有信息进行单因素和多因素Logis-tic回归分析,并对感染病菌种类和感染时间段进行统计分析。结果术后早期有52例患者发生肺部感染;Logis-tic逐步回归分析得到肝脏移植术后患者发生肺部感染的影响因素有:术前肺功能、术后机械通气时间、术后精神症状、术中出血量、手术前后部分凝血活酶时间的变化率。结论通过对术后早期肺部感染危险因素的分析,临床上根据肝移植患者个体的具体情况及时评估并采取针对性措施进行干预,可有效降低肝移植患者术后早期肺部感染的发生率。

Objective To analyze the potential high risk factors and nursing interventions of early postoperative pulmonary infection in patients undergoing liver transplantation. Methods Clinical data about 167 cases of patients＇ condition before, during and after liver transplantation was collected with retrospective study. The SPSS 10.0 Software was used to conduct single factor and multivariate regression analysis. And types of pathogenic bacteria and time period of infection were also statistically analyzed. Results Fifty-two patients suffered from early postoperative pulmonary infection. There were five high risk factors of postoperative pulmonary infection in patients undergoing liver transplantation, incluing preoperative pulmonary function,duration of mechanical ventilation after operation, postoperative psychiatric symptoms, blood loss during operation and the variation rate of APTT between preoperation and postoperation. Conclusion Timely evaluation and individual-oriented nursing interventions should be conducted for patients undergoing liver transplantation on the basis of analyzing the potential high risk factors of early postoperative pulmonary infection, so as to decrease its incidence rate.