西南典型地区降雨中痕量元素的来源——受体模型法

THE SOURCE OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN ATMOSPHERIC PRECIPITATION IN TYPICAL AREA SOUTHWESTERN CHINA -RECEPTOR MODEL APPROACH

本文报导多元分析技术和化学质量平衡法联用求解贵阳、重庆地区雨样中痕量元素源的分配.首先,用主成份分析法鉴别出燃煤、土壤、燃油、冶金和磷排放源.酸雨研究关心的S,Ca,Mg等元素在燃煤、土壤主成份上载荷大.其次,用绝对主成份分析、因子分析绝对计算法计算源的成份谱,S,Ca,K,Mg,Na等在雨水中量大的元素在源成份谱中的值曾遍偏大.最后用化学质量平衡法的有效方差分析,脊岭回归分析计算源的分配.降雨中量大的痕量元素来自燃煤、土壤和燃油,来自冶金和磷源的量很小.有时,降雨中与燃油有关的S,Ca,K,Mg浓度高于燃煤、土壤有关的浓度,尚是问题.

The Multivariate methods and Chemical Mass Balance methods were used sequentially to approach to source apportionment of trace elements in atmospheric precipitation collected on Chongqing and Guiyang areas. First, coal, Soil, oil, metallurgical industry and phosphate source were identified by Principal Component Analysis. S, Ca, Mg, which are interested by Acid Rain Issue, have large loading on coal, soil principal component. Second, Absoluted Principal Component Analysis and Factor Analysis Absolute Calculation were used to calculate the Souice profile. S, Ca, K, Mg,Na, which hare large contents in precipitation samples, have large value in source profile. Next, Effect Variance Analysis and Ridge Regression of Chemical Mass Balance were used to calculate the source apportionment. The major amount of trace elements in precipitation samples were from coal, soil and oil, very little from metallurgical industry and phosphate source. Sometimes, the concentrations of S, Ca, K, Mg, in precipitation connected with oil source were higher than those connected with coal, soil source is still a problem.