运动员大学生自我同一性、心理健康状况及其关系的研究

A study on ego identity and mental health of students in athletes and their relationship

目的考察运动员大学生自我同一性、心理健康状况及其关系。方法采用自我同一性地位量表和运动员心理症状自评量表对110名运动员大学生和122名大学生运动员进行调查。结果①运动员大学生自我同一性在“现在自我投入”维度[（5．09±1．07）分]显著高于大学生运动员，在“过去的危机”维度[（2．19±1．12）分]显著低于大学生运动员；运动员大学生与大学生运动员在同一性地位总体分布显差异著，运动员大学生处于A状态的人数比例显著低于大学生运动员，处于MD和D状态的人数比例显著高于大学生运动员。②运动员大学生在躯体化[（1．98±0．42）分]、强迫[（2．21±0．51）分]、人际敏感[（2．09±0．53）分]、抑郁[（1．85±0．53）分]、焦虑[（2．47±0．58）分]、偏执[（1．98±0．21）分]、精神病性[（1．79±0．22）分]和总均分[（2．00±0．34）分]上显著高于常模，在敌对[（1．43±0．48）分]和认知因子[（1．64±0．31）分]上显著低于常模；③运动员大学生自我同一性三个维度与心理症状7个因子和总均分显著负相关，自我同一性越成熟，心理健康水平越高；结论运动员大学生自我同一性和心理健康水平具有独特性，自我同一性发展对心理健康产生影响。

Objective To study the ego identity, mental health and their relationship among students in athletes. Methods 110 students in athletes and 122 athletes in students were measured with identity status scale and athletes＇ symptom checklist. Results ①Students in athletes have higher ＂present self-commitment＂ （ 5.09±1.07）and lower ＂crisis in the past＂（2.19±1.12 ）than athletes in students. The two demonstrate the obvious difference on the distribution of identity status. The percentage of students in athletes obtaining A is lower than that of athletes in students, while the percentage of students in athletes obtaining D and MD is higher.②Comparing with the norm, students in athletes have higher level on the factors of somatization（ 1.98±0.42）, compulsion （2.21±0.51 ）, interpersonal sensitivity （ 2.09±0.53 ）, depression （ 1.85±0.53 ）, anxiety （ 2.47±0.58 ）, paranoid （ 1.98±0.21 ）, psychoticism （ 1.79±0.22 ） and total average marks （ 2.00±0.34 ）, lower level on the factors of hostility （ 1.43±0.48 ） and cognitive （ 1.64±0.31 ）.③Three domains of ego identity exit obvious negative correlation with the sores of psychological symptoms. ANOVA confined that the more advanced ego identity is, the better mental health is. Conclusion Ego identity and mental health of students in athletes have their own features, and ego identity will influence mental health.