1Bickell WH, Wall M J, Pepe PE, et al . Immediate versus delayed fluid resuscitation for hepotensive patients with penetrating torso injuries [J].New Eng J Med, 1994,331 : 1105 - 1109.
2Mail N, Wang P, Cioffi WG, et al . Resuscitation after uncontrolled venous hemorrhage: does increased resuscitation volume improve regional perfusion [J] .J Trauma, 1998,44:701 - 708.
3Riddez L, Johnson L, Hahn RG. Central and regional hemodynamics during cystalloid fluid therapy after uncontrolled intra- abdominal bleeding [ J ]. J Trauma, 1998,44 : 433 - 439.
4Saucy DM, Rude M,Hsia WC, et al . The effects of varying fluid volume and rate of resuscitation during uncontrolled hemorrhage [J]. J Trauma,1999,46(2) :209 - 215.
5Matlox KL, Hirshber A, Wall M. Alternate opproaches to resuscitation. In:Ivatury RR, eds. Penetrating trauma [ M ]. New York: Williams Wilkins,1996.195 - 206.
6Capone A,Safar P, Stezoski SW, et al . Hypothermia and minimal fluid resuscitation increase survival after uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock [J]. J Am Coil Surg, 1995,180:49 - 56.
7Kim SH, Safar P, Capone A, et al . Hypothermia and minimal fluid resuscitation increase survival after uncontrolled hemoniaagic shock in rats[ J]. J Trauma, 1997,42:213 - 222.
8Stem SA, Dronen SC, Wang X. Multiple resuscitation regimens in a mearfatal porcine aortic injury hemorrhage model [J]. Acad Emerg Med,1995,2:89-97.
9Kowalenko T, Stem S, Domen S, et al . Improved outcome with hypotensive resuscitation of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock in a swine model [J]. J Trauma, 1992,33:349- 353.
10Noland RB,Quddus MA.Improvements in medical care and technology and reductions in traffic-related fatalities in Great Britain[J].Accident Analysis and Prevention,2004,36 (1):103-113.
