神经外科外周中心静脉置管后静脉炎的相关因素分析

Analysis of Factors Related to Phlebitis Associated with Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters in Neurosurgical Patients

目的对神经外科患者外周中心静脉导管(PICC)置管后静脉炎的相关因素进行分析,以指导临床护理工作。方法神经外科患者256例留置PICC,对发生静脉炎的相关因素进行回顾性分析,并总结相应的护理措施。结果256例中发生静脉炎58例,发生率为22.7%。患者年龄、剧烈运动、穿刺部位、穿刺次数、置管时间及合并有外科感染性疾病等与静脉炎的发生明显相关(P<0.05)。结论提高穿刺技巧、避免剧烈运动、选用型号恰当的导管、选择适当的位置进行置管,置管后给予积极的护理,可提高置管质量、延长置管时间,并能预防和减少静脉炎的发生。

Objective To explore the factors related to phlebitis associated with peripherally inserted central catheters （PICC） in the neurosurgical patient in order to guide nursing clinically. Method The clinical data of 256 neurosurgical patients receiving PICC, especially 58 patients with phlebitis, were analysed retrospectively. Results Fifty-eight patients suffered from the phlebitis and accounted for 22.7% of 256 patients receiving PICC. The factor related to the phlebitis included patients＇ age, the number of puncture times, violent exercise, puncture region, duration of PICC and surgical infection and so on. Conclusion The skilful puncture skill, avoiding the violent exercise, proper catheters for the patients, suitable puncture region, and positive nursing after setting PICC may prevent and reduce the occurrence of phlebitis, enhance the quality of setting the catheters and prolong the duration of setting catheters.