参与式民主在公共决策中的适用条件分析

Analysis of applicable conditions of the paticipant-democracy in public decision-making

决策是管理的起点,高质量的公共决策是确保公共管理有效性的重要前提。民主参与是提高公共决策质量的重要途径,但民主参与方式的应用是有条件的。决策问题的实效性、专业性、重要性和直接决策成本,将对决策方式的选择及决策执行的实际效果产生直接的影响;决策主体的素质、能力和工作作风,是参与式民主决策方式实施与否和效果如何的重要决定因素;信息储备、参与的法制化程度、社会利益表达机制的完善程度及整个社会的民主传统等,也会对决策质量产生重要影响。因此,必须重视对参与式民主决策适用条件的研究,根据现实要求在合适的时机、选择程度适宜的决策方式,促进公共决策制定与执行的有效性。

Decision - making is the beginning of management. Public decision - making with high quality is the precondition of effective public management. Participant - democracy is an important method to raise public decision - making quality but the application of participation was is conditional. The real effect, specialized effect, importance and direct decision - making cost have direct influence on decision - making method and ac- tual effect of decision - making. The quality, ability and work style of the main body of ecision - making are important decisive factors for whether participant - democracy is canied out and its implementation effect. Information storage, legalism degree, expressing mechanism of social interests and total social democracy tradition also have important influence on decision - making quality. Thus, the importance must be attached to suitable conditions of participant - democracy. The effectiveness of public decision -making can be promoted through suitable decision -making ways in scutable time according to practical requirements.