宝山区407名外来媳妇生殖保健状况分析

Research on the situation of reproductive health care among 407 young married women without local registered permanent residence

目的:了解外来媳妇生殖健康状况和妇女保健的服务需求。方法:采用问卷调查、面对面询问的方式,于2006年3月～2007年6月在宝山区17个街镇妇女病普查点对外来媳妇进行调查,同时与户籍妇女进行对比分析。结果:①外来媳妇文化程度相对较低,89.43%医疗费用为自费,42.26%外来媳妇无业,47.17%无固定职业,不看电视、不咨询医生是影响保健知识获得的主要因素;②外来媳妇妇科普查率显著低于本地妇女(P<0.05),影响因素主要是无人组织占62.9%,经济原因占18.15%,认为没必要的占8.5%,没时间占6.8%;③保健知识的主要获得途径依次为报刊、电视、医院医生。结论:①制定相关的政策法规及建立保障体制把外来媳妇的卫生保健和医疗服务纳入法制轨道;②发挥妇幼卫生三级网络的功能,采取有组织的对外来妇女定期妇科普查,对于经济困难人群尽可能的给予一定比例的减免费用以提高其妇科普查率,提高外来媳妇生殖保健水平;③采取多种途径的健康教育,促进育龄妇女获得保健知识;④针对本地和外地妇女的不同服务需要采取相应的措施以满足广大妇女对保健的需求。

Objective： To understand the situation of reproductive health of young married women without local registered permanent residence. Methods： The demands for maternal hygiene a face - to- face survey was carried out among young married women without local registered permanent residence at seventeen communities in Baoshan District, Shanghai in the form of questionnaire from March 2006 through June 2007. A comparison analysis was made between the statistics from the survey and the data of local women. Results： The young married women without local registered permanent residence received relatively less education and 89.43% of them paid the medical expenditure on their own. 42. 26% of them were unemployed and 47. 17% of them did not have permanent occupations. The main factors which influence them to access the health care knowledge were not watching TV and not consulting doctors. The ratio of young married women without local registered permanent residence participating the general survey of gynaecopathia was much lower than that of local women. 62. 90% of them were not organized to take part in the general survey, 18. 15% respondents gave up because of financial reasons, 8. 5% respondents considered it not necessary, 6. 8% respondents did not have time to do so. They acquired health care knowledge mainly from newspapers, TV and doctors in hospitals successively. Conclusion： （1）It is necessary to formulate related policies ＆ regulations and establish an assurance system to let the non - locals under the coverage of health care and medical service. （2）Non - local women shall be organized by the three - level network of maternity and child hygiene to take regular general survey of gynaecopathia. For poor women, medical charges shall be reduced or exempted to encourage more women to be involved in the general survey of gynaecopathia to improve the situation of their reproductive health care. （3）Multi - channel shall be established to educate the women of child - beating age with health care knowledge. （4）Various measures shall be taken to meet specific demands for medical service and health care from local women and non - local women.