欧盟空间规划研究进展及启示

Progress in the study of European Spatial Planning and the inspiration to China

欧盟空间规划是世界上最早的跨国空间规划。其新的空间规划理念、跨国规划实践、新的规划方法与制度等,在世界空间规划领域产生了较大的影响。欧盟从上世纪80年代以来先后启动实施了欧洲标准区域划分(NUTS)、欧洲空间发展远景(ESDP)和欧洲空间规划研究计划(SPESP)等3个不同的空间规划研究项目,在空间规划理念、空间区域划分等方面取得了重要的研究成果。此外,欧洲区域发展基金、欧洲社会基金、结构基金以及监测评估网络的建立,是欧盟空间规划实施的重要政策保障体系。文章最后进一步探讨了欧盟空间规划实践对我国当前空间规划研究的若干启示。

European Spatial Planning is the earliest trans ｜national spatial planning in the world.Its specific spatial planning ideas,trans ｜national spatial planning practices,and new methodology and institutions have influenced spatial planning in the world.Along with the globalization and the expanding of the European Union（EU）,regional inequality is becoming more and more serious in EU.In order to solve this problem and promote social and economic cohesion,sound management of the natural and cultural heritage,and more balanced competitiveness of the European territory,since the 1980s,the EU has launched several spatial planning programs,such as classification of Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics（NUTS）,European Spatial Development Perspective（ESDP）,and Study Program on European Spatial Planning（SPESP）.These spatial planning programs have achieved a series of achievements.Some new spatial ideas,such as urban-rural partnership,functional urban area,etc.and criteria for spatial differentiation have been studied and proposed in European spatial planning programs.Besides,policy implications have the same importance as the program itself.The set up of European regional development fund（ERDF）,European social fund（ESF） and Cohesion fund or Structural fund,and European spatial planning observation network（ESPON） play a very important roles in the implementation of European spatial planning.Based on summarizing the contents,research achievements and policies of European spatial planning,the paper ended with the authors＇ personal constructive suggestions to improve current Chinese spatial planning.