大口径高速平衡炮发射安全性分析

Shooting security analysis of counter-mass propelling gun with large caliber and high muzzle velocity

203mm口径的平衡炮要求将90kg的弹丸发射至960m/s以上的初速,这对装药结构提出了很高的要求,其安全性是影响大口径高速平衡炮研制成功与否的根本性问题.建立了平衡炮管状药一维两相流内弹道数学物理模型,并针对平衡炮大药量、长装药、厚弧厚的装药要求或特点,进行了几种不同点火、传火和分段装药条件下膛内发射流场的状态分布特征模拟,分析结果表明,由于装药结构合理,使得整个药床点火比较均匀,减缓了火药床的挤压和堆积,满足了安全性能设计要求.文中建立的内弹道模型适用于其他口径的平衡炮,可以指导大药室、管状药特别是分段装填情况下的装药设计.

The 203 mm counter-mass propelling gun is required to carry a 90 kg projectile at an initial velocity of more than 960 m/s. This raises a high requirement for the charge configuration, whose safety is of vital importance to success of the development of the counter mass propelling gun. The interior ballistic mathematical-physical model of one-dimensional two-phase flow was established for counter mass propelling gun stick-propellant grains. In accordance with charge requirements or features, such as large charge quantity, long charge and thick arc thickness, the distribution of in-bore firing flow field status was simulated under conditions with different ignition, ignition propagation and segmented propellant charge. The analysis results indicate that the whole charge bed ignition is comparatively uniform because its charge configuration is reasonable, thus alleviating the squeeze and accumulation of charge mass, and meeting the design requirement for safety. The interior ballistic model is fit for other counter-mass propelling guns of different calibers, and could serve as a guidance for propellant charge design under the circumstance of large chamber and stick propellant bundles, especially in segments.