新型Gemini两性表面活性剂的合成研究

Study on the synthesis of a novel Gemini amphoteric surfactant

以N,N′-二羟乙基乙二胺、氯乙酸和硬脂酸为主要原料合成了一种新型Gemini两性表面活性剂。分别用单因素法和正交法对中间体和终产物的合成条件进行了探讨。中间体合成:n(N,N′-二羟乙基乙二胺)∶n(氯乙酸钠)=1∶3.0,反应温度15～20℃,反应时间24h;终产物合成:n(中间体)∶n(硬酯酰氯)=1∶2.5,pH9.0～10.0,反应温度20℃,反应时间5h。并对所得产品进行结构分析和性能测试。

A novel Gemini amphoterie suffactant was synthesized through reactions in three steps using N, N′-his-（β-hydroxyethyl）-ethylenediamine, chloroacetic acid and steafic acid as starting materials. The optimum reaction conditions were obtained via the soaponification method and orthogonal experiments. For the synthesis of the intermediate product, sodium ehloroaeetate and N, N′-his-（β-hydroxyethyl）-ethylenediamine in a molar ra, tin of 3 ： 1 reacted at 15 -20℃ for 24 h. For the synthesis of the final product, stearoyl chloride and the intermediate product in a molar ratio 2.5 ： 1 underwent reactions at 20 ℃ for 5 h while maintaining the volume ratio of water and chloroform at 1 ：2 and the pH value in the range of 9.0-10.0.The structure and sur- face properties of Gemini amphoterie surfactant were characterized through tests.