北京市大兴区农村居民高血压、冠心病、脑卒中和糖尿病患病情况及影响因素分析

The incidence and influencing factors of chronic non-communicable diseases among rural residents in Daxing District of Beijing City

目的了解北京市大兴区农村居民高血压、冠心病、脑卒中和糖尿病患病情况及影响因素,为制定适合农村社区的慢性病干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用多级随机抽样方法抽取北京市大兴区半壁店地区18周岁以上常住居民4980人,通过体格检查和实验室检查获得体重指数、血糖、血脂等指标结果,通过问卷调查获得高血压、冠心病、脑卒中和糖尿病的患病情况以及吸烟、饮酒情况。结果共调查4980人,其中男性1995人,女性2985人。调查对象高血压、冠心病、脑卒中和糖尿病的患病率分别为24.9%、7.0%、3.9%和3.0%。多因素Logistics回归分析结果显示,高年龄组、男性、以往吸烟、体重指数≥25、腰围长、血压测量值高、高密度脂蛋白异常者高血压患病率高;高年龄组、男性、现在或以往吸烟、空腹血糖异常者冠心病患病率高;以往吸烟、腰围长、血压测量值高、高密度脂蛋白异常脑卒中患病率高,脑卒中患病者中经常饮酒者少;男性、腰围长、空腹血糖异常者糖尿病患病率高。结论农村社区居民高血压等慢性非传染性疾病患病率高,应针对吸烟、饮酒等生活方式进制定干预措施,控制慢性非传染性疾病流行。

Objective To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of chronic non-communicable diseases （NCDs） among rural residents in Banbidian area of Daxing districti, Beijing, and to provide scientific basis for developing strategies of NCDs intervention in rural areas. Methods 4980 residents aged 18 and older were selected by cluster sam- pling. Physcial examinations and questionnaire survey were used to collect data. Results ＇;980 residents, including 1995 male and 2985 female residents were investigated. The incidence of essential hypertension, coronary heart disease （CHD）, stroke and diabetes were 24.9%, 7.0%, 3.9% and 3.0% respectively. The results of Logistics regression showed that the incidence of essential hypertension was higher in the people with the characteristics of aged, male, body mass index （BMI） 〉/25, long waist circumference, high blood pressure, abnormality of high density lipoprotein （HDL）. The incidence of CHD was higher in the people with the characteristics of aged, male, smoking and abnormality of blood fasting sugar （BFS）. The incidence of stroke was highre in the people with the characteristics of ever smoking, long waist circumference, high blood pressure and abnormality of HDL, and the drinking rate was lower in stroke patients than that in normal people. The incidence of diabetes was highre in the people with the characteristics of male, long waist circumference and abnormality of BFS, and the rate of BMI ≥25 was lower in diabetes patients than that in normal people. Conclusion The incidence of NCDs was high in rural areas. In order to decrease the prevalence of NCDs, development of intervention strategies for factor intervention is urgently needed.