江浙沪主要中心城市对外经济联系的测度分析

A Study on Foreign Economic Contact of Important Central Cities in Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces and the City of Shanghai

城市是一个开放的系统,城市的发展离不开与其它城市和区域的相互联系。本文借助区域间相互作用的引力模型,从节点分析、线路分析以及经济联系强度等方面对江浙沪主要中心城市对外经济联系状况进行实际测度,定量分析其对外经济联系的空间结构等级层次性特征。结果表明:江浙沪主要中心城市对外经济联系不断增强,区域差异明显,并且表现出按照一定的轴线发生联系,这种轴线的方向和路径具有一定规律性;上海对江浙中心城市的经济联系强度大,并呈现距离衰减规律,形成圈层结构分异;苏锡常经济圈内部经济联系紧密,南京和杭州对外经济联系不强,中心地位亟待提高;交通是宁波对外经济联系的最主要障碍。总之,江浙沪主要中心城市经济发展水平是其对外经济联系的前提条件,而加快交通建设,特别是高速公路的建设,是加快经济发展的关键,也是加强区域间经济联系的主要手段之一,当然这还与距离、行政区划和历史等因素有关。

Along with the socio-economic development, the various contacts between cities and regions are becoming more and more close and complicated. Although the research on regional characteristic and difference was dominant in geography thoroughly, traditional positive research on economic location and contacts was weak in quantitative methods, one of the main reasons was the shortage of statistic data. However, more and more researchers are studying in this field and many methods and techniques have been explored. They study it from different aspects and scales using quantitative and qualitative methods. City is an open system, and we can not imagine that a city can not develop if it has no contact with other cities. Research on the main direction of city economic contact is important to the city and region＇s development. This paper has researched on the main direction of city economic contact of central cities in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces and the city of Shanghai. With the aid of the gravity model, we calculated the foreign economic contact intensity of important central cities in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces and the city of Shanghai mostly by using the research methods of nodes analysis, transport network analysis and interaction strength analysis and so on. Supplemented by these indices, we can quantifiably analyze and point out the hierarchical characteristics of the economic contact spatial structure of Shanghai metropolitan area. It is found out that the foreign economic contacts intensity of im- portant central cities in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces and the city of Shanghai is becoming higher and higher, and the difference between them is larger and larger, which indicate that the direction and route of the contact axes are regular and accord with the foreign economic contact intensity？ The foreign economic contact intensity of Shanghai is powerful and follows the rule of distance decay, which leads to a regional layered spatial structure. The inner economic contact intensity of Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou economic circle is very close. The foreign economic con- tact intensity of Nanjing and Hangzhou is not very powerful ,and its central status should be boosted as soon as possible. Transportation is the uppermost obstacle to weaken the foreign eco-nomic contact intensity of Ningbo. In a word, as to the foreign economic contact intensity, the economic level of the important central cities in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces and the city of Shanghai region is the essential qualification. Improving the condition of transportation, especially the freeway construction, is the critical factor to improve the development of economy, and al- so the one of leading methods to strengthen the economic contact intensity between regions. Of course, there are many other factors, which influence the intensity of the economic contact, such as distance, administrative regionalization, history and so on. Finally, we evaluate the foreign economic contact intensity of important central cities in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces and the city of Shanghai and put forward some relevant advices and measures.