满清王朝崇拜关公论

On Worship of Guan Yu in the Qing Dynasty

满清的崛起过程大量吸取汉文化精华,其中关公崇拜贯穿于整个大清王朝始终。虽然明朝关公于民间已有关帝的称谓,但是正式的封赐却是在清初。清统治者将关公作为护国神,借关公之忠义精神来教化民众,并使之成为团结外族的手段,取得了国家稳定的实效。纵观整个大清王朝,关庙林立,高规格的祭祀,并借助戏曲传播关公文化于社会各个阶层,将关公崇拜推向顶峰。

The rise of the Qing Dynasty was a process of drawing much of the culture of the Hart nationality, throughout which the cult of Guan Yu was greatly observed. Although Guan Yu was titled Emperor Guan among people as early as in the Ming Dynasty, the official conferment of the title was granted in the early Qing Dynasty. The rulers at last realized the stability of the country by means of taking Guan Yu as a god of National Security, by the spirit of his loyalty to educate the public and making it a tie to unite other nationalalities. Taking an overall view of the Qing Dynasty, people may find that Temples of Guan Yu stood in great numbers, Guan Yu himself was unprecedentedly worshipped and his spirit went into every comer of the society through the dissemination of opera, all of which pushed the cult of Guan Yu to its peak.