利用区域尺度气象模式模拟黑河地区地表能量通量的研究

A Study of Surface Energy Fluxes in Heihe Region Simulated with a Mesoscale Atmospheric Model

应用中尺度区域模式RAMS(the regional atmospheric model system),在40余组不同参数的条件下模拟中国干旱半干旱黑河地区的地表能量通量和土壤温度特征,并以此探索模式在干旱半干旱地区的适用性。为了证明模拟结果的准确性和模式的稳定性,模拟连续运行30天,其中包含晴好和阴雨的天气过程。模拟结果表明:即使使用较为可靠的NECP再分析气压层资料和实地探测资料,进行初始场和参数的输入,RAMS的默认设置也很难较为合理地反演出地表能量通量,只有合理地调整好其土壤特征参数,RAMS才能得到与实测资料符合得较好的结果。土壤特征参数对模拟结果影响较大,影响因子的重要性依次为:土壤含水量、土壤层总厚度、土壤温度。

Ground surface energy fluxes and the characteristic of soil temperature are simulated by a mesoscale atmospheric model, RAMS （the regional atmospheric model system）, with up to 40 different sets of parameters, and the applicability of RAMS to arid and semi-arid regions is explored. The simulation lasted 30 days to prove its accuracy and stability. Both sunny and rainy synoptic processes are included in the simulation period. The result shows that RAMS is impossible to give sound outcome with its default parameters even using valid input data when applied in the Heihe region. Only when the model runners adjust manually soil parameters, can RAMS gain results that are consonant with observational data. Soil moisture content, soil thickness, and soil temperature are the most important in all the initial soil parameters.