从"烟草抗议"到"宪政革命"--伊斯兰教与19世纪末20世纪初的伊朗民族主义

From the "Tobacco Protest" to "Constitutional Revolution"——Islam and Iran's Nationalism in the End of 19^(th) Century to Early 20^(th) Century

早期伊朗民族主义是在什叶派伊斯兰文化基础上产生的一种独特的宗教-民族主义,具有自身的特色。由于伊朗与伊斯兰教什叶派的特殊亲缘关系,伊朗反封建、反殖民的民族主义一直与伊斯兰教什叶派自成一体,具有鲜明的宗教色彩。自近代以来伊朗民族主义思潮与运动发端之际,伊斯兰教什叶派就构成了影响伊朗社会发展的重要因素。伊朗民族主义在发端年代与伊斯兰教什叶派所形成的这种特殊联系,决定了伊朗民族主义运动难以摆脱伊斯兰教的束缚与羁绊,正是伊斯兰革命这一当代伊斯兰复兴运动的标志性事件得以在伊朗取得成功的历史积淀所在。

Iran's early nationalism was a special reli-gious-nationalism with unique characteristic based on Shiah Islam culture.Iran's nationalism of anti-feudalism and colonialism was coordinate with Islam Shiah for Iran's special relative relation with Islam Shiah in history.With the beginning of modern Iran's nationalism movement,Islam Shiah gradually became important factor affected social development.The early relation of Iran's nationalism with Islam Shiah decided that it was hard for Iran nationalism to break away from influence of Islam,which was the historic reason of modern Islam movement marked by the milestone of Islam Revolution.