节瓜果实性状的遗传特点研究

Study on Inheritance of Fruit Characteristics in Chieh-qua

[目的]研究节瓜果实性状的遗传特点,为节瓜的遗传育种提供参考。[方法]以6个正反交组合后代为试材,研究节瓜在果皮蜡粉、果皮颜色、果长、果重和肉厚5个果实性状上的遗传倾向。[结果]节瓜的果皮蜡粉和果皮颜色2个性状在F1均偏向有蜡粉的亲本和深绿色的亲本;节瓜的果长、果重和肉厚3个性状有超过高亲和低于低亲的分离,但杂种后代的平均值明显大于亲中值,表现广泛的连续性偏态分布和趋大的变异。[结论]节瓜的果皮蜡粉和果皮颜色两个性状各受一对核基因控制,节瓜的果长、果重和肉厚的遗传是由多基因控制的数量性状遗传。

[Objective] The research aimed to study the inheritance of fruit characteristics in Chiqh-qua and provide references for genetics and breeding of Chieh-qua.[Method] Six crossed combinations of Chieh-qua were used for studying the inheritance trends of5 characters.[Result] The inheritance of fruit color and wax leaned to the parents with dark blue fruit color and waxy.The inheritance of fruit length fruit weight and fruit thickness were quantitative character,the distribution of them deviated the normal curve,the mean of offspring was bigger than the mean of the parents.[Conclusion] Fruit color and wax was controlled by one pair of nuclear genes,while fruit length,fruit weight and fruit thickness were controlled by multi-genes.