海南橡胶园土壤微生物数量特征

Quantitative Characteristics of Soil Microbes in Hainan Rubber Plantation

[目的]了解植胶对土壤生物肥力的影响,促进橡胶种植业的可持续发展。[方法]采集海南具有代表性的橡胶园土壤作为研究对象,分析其微生物数量特征。[结果]橡胶园土壤中的微生物数量均呈细菌>放线菌>真菌的顺序分布,细菌所占比例大多在90.00%以上,甚至还有高达99.80%。3大类群微生物数量均以砂页岩母质土壤中最多,但不同母质发育的土壤中3大类群微生物数量所占总菌数的比例相近。种植RRIM600橡胶树土壤中的3大类群微生物数量都比种植PR107的多,尤其细菌数是PR107的2倍多,但各自3大类群微生物数量所占总菌数的比例相近。由于土壤养分差异较大,即使植胶时间一致,土壤微生物数量差异也很大。

[Objective] The research aimed to understand the effect of planting rubber tree on the biological fertility of soils and promote the sustainabledevelopment of rubber industry.[Method] The representative rubber plantation soils in Hainan were collected as the research objects,the quantitative characteristics of microbes were analyzed.[Result] The amount of microbes in the soil of rubber plantation were in the order of bacteria 〉actinomycetes 〉fungi.The proportion of bacteria was over 90.00% and even reached 99.80%.Three species of microbes were most in the soil derived from parent materials of sandy shale.The proportions of the amount of 3 groups of microbes in total bacteria number in the soil with different development of parent materials were almost consistent.The amount of 3 groups of microbes in the soil with planting RRIM600 rubber tree was more than that with planting PR107.Especially,the bacteria number in the soil with planting RRIM600 was more than 2 times as that with planting PR107.But the amount of 3 groups of microbes in total bacteria number was consistent.Due to greater difference of soil nutrients,the amount of soil microbes also had greater difference even if the rubber trees were planted at the same time.