三峡库区消落带植物群落及分布特点的调查

Plant Communities and Distribution Patterns in Riparian Zones of Three Gorge Reservoir Area

[目的]调查三峡库区消落带植物种类、群落及分布特点。[方法]采用路线法,调查三峡库区秭归太平溪港至巴东楠木园的145～156 m消落带的植物分布。[结果]三峡库区消落带植物约16科27种,种类最多的科为禾本科和菊科,优势种群为狗尾草、刺苋、芝麻和狗牙根,优势植物群落为狗尾草草丛、狗尾草＋刺苋草丛、芝麻草丛、狗牙根草丛,主要分布在水位156～150 m消落带。这些1年生草本植物以种子繁殖或营养繁殖,为须根系或直根系,分别分布在地下20和40 cm左右土壤中,对库区消落带表层水土保持发挥重要作用。[结论]该研究为筛选三峡库区消落带植被恢复和水土保持的物种提供了科学依据。

[Objective] The plant species,communities and distribution in riparian zones of Three Gorges reservoir area were investigated.[Method] The plant distribution was investigated on the route from Taipingxi Zigui to Nanmuyuan Badong within an altitude range of 145-156 m above sea level in riparian zones of Three Gorges reservoir area.[Result] There were about 16 families of 27 species,in which the most species were Gramineae and Compositae.The dominant species were Setaria viridis,Amaranthus spinosus,Sesamum indicum and Cynodon dactylon.The advantage plant communities were Setaria viridis community,Setaria viridis ＋ Amaranthus spinosus community,Sesamum indicum community and Cynodon dactylon community that mainly distributed within an altitude range of 156-150 m above sea level.These annual herbaceous plants were seed or vegetative propagation that were tap root system or fibrous root system which distributed 20 cm or 40 cm under the ground.Root systems played an important role for conservation the surface water and soil in riparian zones of Three Gorges reservoir area.[Conclusion] This study provided a scientific basis for screening the species for restoration of vegetation and soil conservation in Three Gorges reservoir area.