斯达油脂酵母在不同培养基中的生长与油脂蓄积的比较研究

A Comparative Study on the Cell Growth and Fat Accumulation of the Lipomyces Starkeyi in the Different Culture Mediums

通过对斯达油脂酵母(Lipomyces starkeyi 2.1608)在不同培养基中的摇瓶培养试验,比较研究该菌的增殖、菌体细胞和胞内脂肪球大小、油脂蓄积等发酵特性。结果显示:在ZnSO4·7H2O质量浓度为0.0180mg/L和无Mn2+离子的LS培养基中,该菌细胞增殖数量最少,但菌体细胞和胞内脂肪球大,分别为CGP培养基的1.3倍和3.0倍;油脂蓄积量(mg/108细胞)高,分别是CGP培养基和W培养基的9.8倍和6.9倍。在ZnSO4·7H2O质量浓度为0.670mg/L和MnCl2·4H2O质量浓度为79mg/L的CGP培养基中,总菌数和胞外多糖产量最高,分别是LS培养基的6.9倍和4.9倍,W培养基的2.4倍和1.9倍,但菌体细胞和脂肪球小,油脂蓄积量最低。在Zn2+和Mn2+离子浓度介于二者之间的W培养基中,该菌增殖数量、菌体细胞和脂肪球大小、油脂蓄积量亦介于二者之间。结论:在C/N一定的条件下,低浓度Zn2+和缺Mn2+离子可抑制细胞增殖和产胞外多糖,促进油脂合成;适当高浓度的Zn2+和Mn2+离子可促进细胞增殖和产胞外多糖,抑制油脂合成。这对阐明斯达油脂酵母油脂合成代谢调控机理和单细胞微生物油脂生产具有十分重要的意义。

This paper, through flask culture experiment of the Lipomyces starkeyi 2.1608 in the different culture mediums, comparatively studies fermentation characteristics of the yeast in cell proliferation, size of cell and fat globule and fat accumulation and so forth. The results showed that in low concentrated Zn^2＋（ZnSO4·7H2O density is 0.0180 mg/L） LS culture medium without Mn^2＋, the quantity of cell proliferation reaches to be lowest, but the cell and the fat globule are big. In the stationary phase, the size of the cell and the size of the fat globule（average diameter μm） in LS culture medium respectively is approximately 1.3 time and 3.0 times above the CGP culture medium, and the high quantity of the fat accumulation （mg/10^8ells） is 9.8 time above the CGP culture medium and 6.9 times above W culture medium . while in the high concentration Zn^2＋（ZnSO4·7H2O density is 0.670 mg/L） and high concentration Mn^2＋（MnCl2·4H2O density is 79 mg/L） of the CGP culture medium, the quantity of cell proliferation and the yield of exopolysaccharides reaches to be the highest, the total cells number is 6.9 times above the LS cuhure medium and 2.4 times above the W culture medium, the yield of exopolysaccharides is 4.9 time above the LS culture medium and 1.9 times above the W culture medium, but the cell and the fat globule are smafl, and the quantity of the fat accumulation is low. In the W culture medium with the density between Zn^2＋ and Mn^2＋, the growing amount, the size of cell and fat globule, and fat accumulation of the yeast also is situated between them. Conclusion： Under C/N certain condition, the low concentration Zn^2＋ and lack of Mn^2＋ are possible to suppress the cell proliferation and the production of exopolysaccharides, and promote fat synthesis. The proper highly concentrated Zn^2＋ and Mn^2＋ may promote the cell proliferation and the production of exopolysaccharides, but suppress the fat synthesis. This has the important significance to state control regulation of fat anabolism of the yeast and the single cell microorganism fat production.