湖北省气候变化及其对夏收作物的影响

Climate Change and Its Effects on Summer Harvesting Crops in Hubei Province

对８０年代以来湖北省气候变化进行了详细分析，发现该省年平均气温变化是以降温为主，这与全球、全国的一些研究结论不同。冬季变暖夏季变凉是湖北省气候变化的主要特点。在大约１１１°Ｅ线附近有一条温度变化的分界线，此线以东气温变化是冬暖夏凉型，此线以西的大部分地区气温变化是四季降温型。气候变化使各种气象因子对小麦和油菜产量的影响更为明显。鄂西山区气候变化一年四季均为降温型，且各种气象因子的变化对小麦和油菜的影响程度不如其它地区。小麦抽穗开花至灌浆结实期间降水日数和降水量相对减少。

Through detailed analysis on climate change in the period of 1981￣1994 in Hubei Province, it was found that the yearly mean temperature in this province was getting lower gradually which was different from the results of study on the globe and other palces of China. The climate getting warmer in winter and getting cooler in summer was the main features in Hubei Province. There was a demarcation line of air temperature change near 111°E. Air temperature was getting warmer in winter and is getting cooler in summer on the east of the line. Air temperature dropped at all seasons on the west of the line. The yields of wheat and oil rape were affected by the climate change. The effects of climate change were more obvious in east than in west. It was favourable for high yield of wheat in the 1980’s when the precipitation and the rain days were reduced in April and May.