1991年-2006年贵阳市土地利用变化及其驱动因素分析

Remote Sensing and GIS Analysis of Dynamic Land Use Changes in Guiyang

以贵阳市为研究区，利用1991年、1996年、2000年、2006年4期的遥感影像资料和地形图，运用人机交互目视解译方法以及地理信息系统的空间分析和数理统计功能，获得贵阳土地利用的现状、动态度、土地利用类型转移矩阵等专题图、数据，并结合社会经济及人口数据对贵阳市土地利用的时空变化情况进行了深入分析。结果显示：①建设用地和林地的面积保持持续上升，耕地呈现持续下降，草地和未利用地面积则呈现出先减少后略有增加，水体的转移比例一直很小；②1991年～2006年间，主要的土地利用变化是耕地与建设用地、耕地与林地、未利用地与耕地之间的相互转化；③1996年～2006年间，耕地都主要转向建设用地和林地，林地主要来自耕地、草地和未利用地；④1991年～2006年间，研究区土地利用变化强度较大，总体来看，经济发展是土地利用变化的主导因素。

Urbanization has become an important factor impacting land use change. Using the case study of Guiyang, this paper analyzes the effect of urbanization on land use in the karst mountain landscapes of southwest China. Based on the Landsat TM images of Guiyang from 1991 and 1996, and CBERS images from 2000 and 2006, as well as actual land use maps and socioeconomic and demographic data, we analyzed the dynamic changes of urban land use in Guiyang City. Analytical indexes on the present situation, the dynamic degree of land use and a land use conversion matrix were introduced to describe the temporal and spatial variation of urban land use. The results show that there were major changes in the land use structure in the study area from 1991 to 2006, during which woodland, urban and rural construction land increased and cropland, water land and grassland also demonstrated a clear difference. The change of urban and rural construction land was the biggest; from 1991 to 2006, the total growth rate of urban and rural construction land was 84.13%, with an average annual growth rate of 5.61%. Cropland experienced an obvious decrease, especially from 2000 to 2006, when the percentage of cropland area was reduced from 72.62 % to 69.35 %. The cropland was mainly convened to construction land and forest land, and in particular to urban areas, rural settlements and mining sites. The area with the most reduction of cropland was around the city and along the roads. Grassland was mainly converted to forest land, followed by cropland and unused land. Unused land was mainly converted to cropland, followed by urban and rural construction land and grassland, and unused land increased slightly from 2000 to 2006. As a whole, land use in Guiyang is in a developing stage, are there are major changes in the intensity of land use.