地震后儿童创伤后应激障碍的症状及其治疗

Symptoms and Treatment of Children Post-traumatic Stress Disorder after Earthquake

地震灾害作为一种心理应激源与身心健康的关系早已引起了人们的广泛关注。在汶川大地震发生后,本文作者在广东省心理卫生协会心理咨询师专业委员会的组织下,赴四川什邡妇幼保健院进行了为期20d的儿童心理干预,亲身感受到经历地震灾害后的儿童产生了不同程度的创伤心理应激反应。纵观国内外有关儿童创伤后应激障碍的研究,此类儿童若得不到及时诊断与治疗,必然会导致长远的负面影响,有的到成年期甚至终生伴有一系列的心理障碍。因此,对创伤后应激障碍的儿童及时诊断并实施心理咨询和治疗显得尤为重要。本文结合自身赴川进行心理干预的体验对地震后儿童创伤后应激障碍的流行病学、症状表现及其治疗进行概述。

Earthquake as a source of psychological stress, its relationship with physical and mental health attracted wide attention. After Wenchuan earthquake, the authors went to Sichuan Shifang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital organized by Guangdong Province Mental Health Association of Professional Psychological Consultant Committee, and carried out a 20-day psychological intervention treatment for the children. The authors found that these children had varying degrees of psychological trauma stress. After a panoramic view of children post-traumatic stress disorder research at home and abroad, if these children have no access to diagnosis and treatment might lead to long-term negative effects, and some even grow up to adulthood with a series of life-long mental disorders. As a result, it is especially important for children with post-traumatic stress disorder to diagnose in a timely manner and to give implementation of psychological counseling and treatment. In this paper, the authors conducted their own psychological experience and reviewed the epidemiology, symptoms, and treatment of the children with post-traumatic stress disorder after earthquake.