京西矿区地面塌陷危险性模糊综合评判

Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of land collapse risk in the Xishan mining area,Beijing,China

京西矿区地貌上属中低山,发育石炭系和侏罗系2套煤系地层,采用平硐和斜井开采方式回采煤层,经过多年开采地表塌陷普遍、现象独特。通过野外调查和实测,研究了京西矿区地面塌陷灾害的类型与分布特征,依据两级模糊综合评判的理论与方法,建立了矿区地面塌陷危险性评判模型及评判指标,运用GIS空间分析功能进行京西矿区地面塌陷危险性区划,将矿区地面塌陷划分为危险区、较危险区和稳定区。综合评判结果表明,区内地面塌陷危险程度有明显的分区性,地面塌陷危险区与矿区采空区的分布基本一致。

In the Xishan mining area of Beijing, the landform belongs to middle-low mountains, where two Carboniferous and Jurassic coal measures are developed. Coal beds are mined using adits and inclined shafts. After many years of mining, land collapse in the mining area has been of colnmon occurrence and the phenomena are unique. According to the survey data, the authors studied the types and distribution characteristics of the land collapses, used the theory and methods of bipolar fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to establish the risk assessment model and evaluation indicators of land collapse risk and used GIS spatial analysis functions to do land col- lapse risk zoning in the Xishan mining area of Beijing. The mining area is divided into the risk, relative risk and stable zones. The comprehensive evaluation shows that the risk levels of land collapse are significandy zoned. The distribution of the land collapse risk zone is consistent with that of the mined-out area.