异养型同步硝化反硝化处理工艺群落结构

Heterotrophic nitrifiers and aerobic denitrifiers technology of simultaneous nitrifcation and the analysis of microbial diversity

为研究异养型同步硝化反硝化工艺微生物菌群结构的变化，从生物陶粒反应器中筛选出6株异养硝化细菌，经过12d好氧培养，6株异养硝化细菌对COD的去除率在45％以上，总氮和氯氮最终去除率在60％以上．采用污泥驯化手段富集好氧反硝化细菌，从污泥分离纯化得到5株好氧反硝化细菌．f1、t2、t3、f5、t7的TN去除率分别为90．4％、91．2％、94．6％、95．6％、97％．将6株异养硝化细菌和5株好氧反硝化细菌扩大培养后，建立SBR反应器进行氨氮去除的试验研究．PCR—DGGE图谱表明，在反应器运行的不同时期，微生物群落结构发生动态演替．2d与15d相似性为47．62％，15d与30d相似性最高为72％，2d与30d相似性最低为42．86％．测序结果显示，在反应器稳定运行期间，筛选的异养硝化细菌wgy5，wgy21，好氧反硝化细菌d5和Pseudomonassp．的细菌是系统的优势菌群．

To analyze the differences among microbial communities of heterotrophic nitrifiers and aerobic denitriflers technology, 6 heterotrophic nitrifiers were screened from the bio-ceramic reactor. The results obtained showed that the removal rate of COD reached over 45 % , and that of TN and NH4 - N reached over 60%. After domesticating the activated sludge to enrich aerobic denitrifiers, 5 aerobic denitriflers were isolated from it. The removal rates of TN were 90.4% , 91.2% ,94. 6% ,95.6% and 97% by strains of fl , f2, f3, f5 and fT, respectively. The process of removing ammoniac nitrogen was done by setting the heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria and aerobic denitrifiers on the sequencing batch reactor. The PCR - DGGE profiles showed that the shift of microbial diversity corresponded to the effect of nitrate removal. Between 2 d and the 15 d,the diversity was 47.62% ;it was 72% between 15 d and 30 d, which was the highest; the lowest one was just 42. 86% between 2 d and 30 d, and at this time, the heterotrophie nitrobacteria wgy5 and wgy21, the aerobic denitritiers d5 and Pseudomonas sp. were dominant bacteria in SBR.