低温高效苯胺降解菌的分离与特性

Isolation of high efficiency aniline-degrading bacteria at low temperature and their characteristics

为获得在低温(10℃)条件下能高效降解苯胺的细菌,选取某化工厂污水处理厂曝气池污泥,通过驯化、分离、纯化,筛选出5株在低温条件下能高效地降解苯胺的菌种A1、A4、A7、A9、A14,采用16S rDNA测序与传统生理生化实验方法相结合对其进行鉴定,并研究其生理学特征和降解特性.结果表明:菌株A1,A4,A7,A9,A14在培养84h时,苯胺降解率分别为87.5%,82.9%,100%,91.5%和82.8%,当培养时间至96h时,5株菌的苯胺降解率均达到100%.其最适生长温度是15℃,在5～35℃的温度范围内均可以生长.最适pH为7.0.经鉴定A4、A9属于Delftia.sp,A7属于Acinetobacter.sp,A1、A14属于Pseudomonas.sp.保藏并深入研究这些低温苯胺高效降解微生物,可为苯胺类废水的工业化处理提供微生物资源,并且为提高污水净化效能奠定一定的理论基础.

In order to obtain high efficiency aniline -degrading bacteria at low temperature, we chose activated sludge from a wastewater treatment plant of a certain chemical plant. Through domestication, separation and purification, we obtained five high efficiency aniline - degrading bacteria at low temperature named A1, A4 ,A7 ,A9 and A14. With the aid of sequencing the 16 S rDNA and establishing the phylogenic tree and the physiological biochemical experiment to identify the bacteria, we studied their removal characteristics. The aniline removal rates of A1, A4, A7, A9 and A14 can achieve 87.5%, 82.9%, 100% ,91.5% and 82.8% re- spectively,when cultured for 84 h. When cultured for 96 h, they all can achieve 100%. The optimum temperature is 15 ℃. The temperature range for the growth is 5 -35 ℃. The optimum pH is 7.0. Identification shows that. A4 and A9 belong to Delfiia. sp , A7 belongs to Acinetobacter. sp , while A1 and A14 belong to Pseudomonas. sp.