苏丹草对铜尾矿的适应性研究

Study on Adaptation of Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf to Copper Tailing

针对铜尾矿废弃地的复垦,选用苏丹草进行5种不同改良方式的盆栽试验.不同盆栽处理以m(尾矿土)∶m(菜园土)分别为0∶100,25∶75,50∶50,75∶25和100∶0配比混合而成.结果表明,低尾矿土含量处理对苏丹草生长无明显抑制现象,抗氧化酶活性随尾矿土含量上升而升高.在纯尾矿土处理中,苏丹草抗氧化酶系统平衡被破坏,MDA含量显著上升,ρ(叶绿素)下降,植物株高和干质量明显降低.通过对苏丹草地上和地下部分对不同尾矿土含量土壤中铜的吸收研究可知,其对铜不具备积累特性.虽然苏丹草对铜的积累量较小,但是由于能适应矿业废弃地极端的环境并且具有一定的耐性,生物量大,故可以选择用于铜矿废弃地的植被重建.

Pot experiments with Sorghum sudanense （Piper） Stapf were conducted in five different amendment substrates for the reclamation of copper tailing. The experimental treatments were different mixes of copper tailings and vegetable garden soil with 0 ： 100, 25 ： 75, 50 ： 50, 75 ： 25 and 100：0. The results showed that low concentration of copper tailing slighfly restrained the growth of Sorghum sudanense （Piper） Stapf, and the activity of antioxidation enzymes increased with increasing copper tailing concentration. Comparatively, in pure copper tailing, activity of antioxidation enzymes, chlorophyll, and plant height and dry biomass of ,Sorghum sudanense （Piper） Staff significantly decreased, and MDA content increased. Cu content in the shoot and root of Sorghum sudanense （ Piper ） Stapf grown in soil with different Cu contents indicated that Cu cannot be accumulated in Sorghum sudanense （Piper） Stapf. Although Cu accumulation in Sorghum sudanense （Piper） Staff was little, it was suitable for vegetation rebuilding in disused Cu mines, since it has strong resistance to great environmental stress and large biomass.