糖尿病新药研发最新动态——第68届美国糖尿病学会年会报道

The novel trends in the development of antihyperglycemic agents—reports from 68th scientific sessions of American Diabetes Association(ADA)

糖尿病病理生理学的研究显示糖尿病的发生除了与胰岛β细胞功能衰退、肝脏及肌肉胰岛素抵抗相关外,还与脂肪组织脂解增加、肠促泌素水平降低、胰腺α细胞胰高糖素分泌增加、肾脏葡萄糖重吸收能力增加、中枢神经系统神经递质紊乱等因素有关。国际权威的降糖治疗指南聚焦于HbA1c,使用的药物仍然局限于促进胰岛β细胞分泌胰岛素、改善肝脏和胰岛素抵抗的范畴之内。基于发生糖尿病的已知病因和多种病理生理缺陷进行的、旨在延缓或逆转糖尿病自然病程的治疗策略为糖尿病的新药研发提供了广阔的空间。

Pathophysiological research of diabetes has shown that diabetes relates to the increased lipolysis,decreased incretins,increased glucagon secreted by pancreatic islet α-cells,enhanced reabsorption of glucose by kidneys,and disorders of neurotransmitter in the CNS,in addition to function decline of pancreatic islet β-cells and insulin resistance of liver and muscle.International authoritative guidelines focus on HbA1c;the antihyperglycemic agents are limited to promotion of insulin secretion islet β-cells,and improvement of insulin resistance in liver and muscle.The management strategy based on known etiology and pathophysiologic defects of diabetes,and the aims to delay and reverse natural course of diabetes have provide a wide space for the development of new antihyperglycemic agents.