以煤矸石为原料的水处理滤料的研制

Development of coal gangues based water treatment filter material

研究了一种以煤矸石为主要原料,通过添加适量成型剂、膨胀剂,经高温烧结生产球型多孔轻质污水处理滤料的制造方法,并以滤料的比表面积、孔隙率为主要因子,考察原料配比、升温方式、成球时水加入量、终温及终温煅烧时间等参数对滤料理化性能的影响.结合扫描电镜分析了滤料微观结构,并对煤矸石烧结膨胀成孔机理进行了分析.通过正交试验确定了最佳工艺参数.主要配方为:煤矸石50-99%,粉煤灰0-25%,膨胀剂0.5-1.0%.所得成品滤料主要性能参数为:比表面积6.0-8.6m2/g,孔隙率40-50/%,堆密度0.9-1.1g/cm3,磨损率<2.0%,平均孔径85-190/μm.以煤矸石为原料生产球型多孔轻质污水处理滤料具有原料来源广泛、生产工艺简单、无污染、成本低、产品附加值高等特点,其生产可以利用现有水泥厂的生产设备与工艺转产.

A production method of for filter materials globular porous light sewage treatment has been studied. The coal gangues were taken as the main raw material and were sintered at high temperature with the addition certain amount of forming agent and expanding agent. The specific surface area and porosity have been regarded as the main factors for determining impacts of parameters, including proportioning, warming - up mode, water quantity added during globulation, final temperature, and roasting period at final temperature, on physicochemical properties of the filter material. A scanning electron microscope was used for analyzing the microstructure of the filter material, and analyses nism of coal gangues. Orthogonal tests were have been made on the sintering, expanding and porosity mechaimplemented to determine the optimal technological parameters. The main formula includes： the coal gangues of 50 -99%, the fly ash of 0 -25% and the expanding agent of 0. 5 - 1.0% ; the main property parameters for finished filter materials are the specific surface area of 6. 0 - 8.6m2/g, the porosity of 40 -50/%, the piling density of 0. 9 -1. 1g/cm3, the wear rate less than 2. 0%, and the average hole diameter of 85 - 190/μm. Coal gangues based for filter materials globular porous light sewage treatment present advantages of wide supply of raw material resources, simple production technology, non- pollution, low cost and high value -added products, and can be produced utilizing the equipment and process of existing cement plants.