磷脂酰肌醇蛋白多糖-3异常表达与肝细胞癌变相关

Association between abnormal expression of glypican-3 and malignant transformation of hepatocytes

肝细胞癌(HCC)预后极差,延长患者生存期的关键是早期(小肝癌)诊断和早期(手术)治疗。HCC通过肝癌标记和影像检查建立诊断。甲胎蛋白(AFP)是主要肝癌标记,但有假阳性和假阴性;AFP异质体(AFP-L3)、AFP基因标志(AFP-mRNA)以及GGT-Ⅱ、PIVKAⅡ、AFU等其它肝癌标记可与AFP互补诊断,尤其对AFP假阴性肝癌和小肝癌的诊断甚有帮助。磷脂酰肌醇蛋白多糖-3(GPC-3)在细胞的生长发育中起重要的调控作用,与肝癌密切相关。本文就GPC-3分子构成、表达机制、与多种信号传导途径关系及对肝癌早期诊断价值等作一综述。

The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma （ HCC ） is vet poor. Both of early diagnosis （ smallsize HCC） and early treatment （operation） are of the utmost importance for prolonging survival. HCC could be diagnosed by HCC markers and imaging technologies. Although serum α-fetoprotein （AFP） is a useful tumor marker for the detection and monitoring of HCC development, the false-negative rate or the false-positive rate with AFP level alone may be still high for patients uith small-size HCC. Other markers such as AFP-L3, AFPmRNA, GGT-Ⅱ , PIVKA Ⅱ and AFU are proposed as predictive markers of HCC, especially in the patients with false-negative AFP level and diagnosis of small-size HCC. Glypiean-3 （ GPC-3 ） plays an important role in regulating cell growth and is closely related with hepatoeellular carcinoma. This review summarizes the features of GPC-3 molecule, mechanism of abnormal expression, a variety of signal transduetion pathway influenced by GPC-3 gene, and early diagnostic values for HCC.